The Theory Of Basic Income - 945 Words

Introduction Basic income has been an increased topic of debate in Canada during the last decades. Basic income is a form of social security that grants all citizens an unconditional income. Tony Fitzpatrick, a PhD on the topic of basic income (1999), claims that the radical right is a strong opposer to basic income because of their belief that basic income maintains a high possibility for abuse. In contrast, Daniel Raventà ³s (2007) , a professor of the department of sociological theory at the faculty of economics and business at the University of Barcelona , claims that the left supports adopting a basic income policy because they believe that it would efficiently reduce poverty gaps . I argue that employing a basic income in Canada would serve the country positively by giving individuals a chance to get back on their feet, countering the radical right ideologies that basic income is just a chance for individuals to abuse the system. This paper will first examine the issues from an economic perspective. It will then examine the social benefits and possible downfalls of a basic income. Finally, it will evaluate basic income from individual political agendas. The implementation of a basic income : From an Economical perspective Fitzpatrick (1999) suggests that the radical right believes that introducing a basic income would get rid of people’s need to work, therefore reducing people’s economic success and opening not only them, but their nation, up for financialShow MoreRelatedEssay on Keynesian Revolution1244 Words   |  5 PagesKeynesian Revolution Classical economic theory assumed that a ‘free-market’ economy is a ‘self regulating’ system that continually tends toward a full-employment equilibrium, with optimum economic benefits for everyone. Therefore, the best government economic policy is to ‘excuse itself’ and give utmost freedom to individual enterprise. 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Stone Cold Definitions What is a Family Free Essays

American society is an interesting place: we value individualism and celebrate freedom, and strive for being the best in all that we do.   The road to achieving this is not an easy one, but as a nation, we understand this.   We train our children gradually by setting small tasks for them. We will write a custom essay sample on Stone Cold Definitions: What is a Family? or any similar topic only for you Order Now    These tasks are designed to help our children â€Å"practice† for their imminent involvement in the â€Å"real† world, and it is the hope of those who create these â€Å"practice† sessions that children will grow into adults who are well-adjusted, productive Americans. This training includes learning to do a variety of things—from the mundane to the complex—primarily by trial and error.   We put training wheels on bicycles; we spread education out over a period of twenty-plus years; we encourage part-time jobs before careers and raising a pet to learn the value of life and the seriousness of responsibility; however, when it comes to creating a family, we act like it is an all-or-nothing affair.   We define it in a single way, and access it as â€Å"successful† only in the extremist of circumstances.   American society may value individualism, celebrate freedom, and strive for perfection, but it can be an extraordinarily judgmental place for those who fall outside the parameters of the traditional definition of â€Å"family.† Barbara Kingsolver examines the definition of â€Å"family† in her piece, â€Å"Stone Soup: What Does It Mean To Be a Family, Anyway?†Ã‚   Her conclusion: that the defined parameters are simply too narrow and that America’s continuing to use this false standard is detrimental to all people. There can be little doubt that the United States values individualism; however, it seems as though individualism is only acceptable if the involved party conforms to preconceived norms and moral standards set by the majority when exercising this right to be â€Å"individual.†Ã‚   Barbara Kingsolver asks readers â€Å"in the catalog of family values, where do we rank an occasion such as this?† (305). She is referring to a child’s soccer game and the fact that the child in question is surrounded by primary and extended family members—an entire cheering section of his own, but that social construct calls his family â€Å"broken† (305).   Obviously, â€Å"Andy† is not suffering for lack of anything while playing soccer—there is nothing at all â€Å"broken† about him or the people who make up his family.   Kingsolver’s point is powerful, and she demands each of us step back and consider the reason for family and the parameters by which the success of this configuration of people is judged. The point of people joining together to create a unified structure (i.e. a â€Å"family†) is to strengthen the one by adding others.   The make-up of the family structure is rather arbitrary, and as Kingsolver points out, in other countries as well as in America’s past, the presence of several generations under one roof was commonplace (308).   Modern society has changed the basic dynamic of â€Å"family,† expecting the branching out of children as they reach adulthood, and the defining of parenting â€Å"success† by an offspring’s financial and familial productivity out in the world. This does not sound at all like the makings of a strong â€Å"individual†; it sounds very much like a cookie-cutter environment churning out cookie-cutter people.   Kingsolver points out that â€Å"there’s a current in the air with ferocious moral force [. . .] claiming there is only one right way to do it, the Way It Has Always Been† and expresses how nonsensical this attitude is (305). If we operated under the guise of â€Å"the Way It Has Always Been,† we’d still have slavery, children working in sweat shops, women who had no control over their own money, legalized domestic violence, etc.   Part of this nation’s strength comes from its ability to recognize flaws in its operations, make the necessary changes, and move on.   Why are we so slow to apply this to family?   As Kingsolver puts it, â€Å"this narrow view [of family] is so pickled and absurd I’m astonished that it gets airplay† (305).   Simply put, a group of people who join together to perform everyday tasks, including caring for a child/children, paying bills, maintaining a home, and caring for one another is a family. People who were born before the internet, cellular phones, and the microwave oven survived, and many of them continue to do so without having adapted or integrated any of those items into their daily lives.   Those of us who make use of modern technology are not harmed by the lack of understanding or participation of those who choose to remain â€Å"behind† the times. However, those who insist on the â€Å"traditional† definition of â€Å"family† and persist in applying derogatory terms to the variety of familial make-ups that have become more prevalent are harming those who choose to acknowledge familial advances.   â€Å"Divorce, remarriage, single parenthood, gay parents, and blended families simply are. They’re facts of our time† (307). It seems odd that in a nation that is so sold on individuality and freedom of choice that it has  begun to package cheese in balls, slabs, individually wrapped slices, and sticks that we shy away  from a multi-faceted definition of family.   Perhaps the problem is the way in which people look  at things.   Can it be that only a single parent struggling to get by understands that the slab is  cheapest, and that it has the added benefit of one’s being able to cut it and wrap it in a variety of  sizes and shapes that can be determined based on need?   Isn’t this a simple, physical example of  the old adage that anyway you slice a thing, it is still the thing?   Does it really matter what the  make-up of the family is as long as it fulfills it goals?   There are legitimate reasons for the  changes seen in the modern family. â€Å"Some of the reasons listed by sociologists for these family  reconstructions are: the idea of marriage as a romantic partnership rather than a pragmatic one; a  shift in women’s expectations, from servility to self-respect and independence; and longevity† (Kingsolver 307). Prepare a list of the things a person might fight hardest for in terms of â€Å"freedom,† and the freedom to choose a life partner has got to be near the top, and this freedom is not about one’s orientation: it is about one’s freedom—period.   Whether straight or gay, single or married, the freedom to enter into or leave a relationship seems fundamental. Barbara Kingsolver discusses her preconceived notion of marriage and divorce: a notion that was constructed by the society in which she grew up—the society that continues to exist in America (306).   She admits to her naà ¯ve belief that in choosing a mate one could not err, and admitted that â€Å"once upon a time [she believed . . ] that everyone who [divorced] could have chosen not to do it.   That it’s a lazy way out of marital problems.   That it selfishly puts personal happiness ahead of family integrity,† but having lived her life and gone through a divorce, she now sees that this is simply not true. This bursts not only the bubble of her expectations, it places the rest of her family, including her children, into a category that implies imperfection and an inability to perform up to expected standards.   Kingsolver equates the â€Å"judg[ing of] a family’s value by its tidy symmetry is to purchase a book for its cover† (308).   Oddly, the â€Å"children of divorce† are profoundly unaffected in many ways, and where adults see defeat, they see the opportunity to have two different homes and two sets of things as advantageous.   Certainly this isn’t always the case—as it is not always the case that a child raised in a â€Å"traditional family† goes unscathed.   Each situation and each experience is—dare I say—individual. The closing anecdote in Barbara Kingsolver’s piece places the term Stone Soup in to context, and it is in this recollection that real advice can be seen.   While the story hinges on the soldiers’ plan, what happens all around them is of equal importance.   The message in the story is that both sides must be ready and willing to accept their opposition: the hungry soldiers gave in to the townspeople who in turn gave in to the hungry soldiers, and in the end, everyone is better for having shared. The same is true of the modern family.   No one should be forced to give up the ideal of â€Å"family† anymore than anyone should give up the ideal of having a cupboard filled with food; however, everyone has got to be willing to acknowledge that their definition of â€Å"family† is relative—much like the â€Å"full† cupboard, and often simply adding to the pot what you can is sufficient. Work Cited Kingsolver, Barbara.   â€Å"Stone Soup: What Does It Mean To Be a Family, Anyway?†Ã‚   The McGraw-Hill Reader: Issues Across Time.   8th ed.   Ed. Gilbert H. Muller.   LaGuardia: City U. of New York, 2003.   305-310. How to cite Stone Cold Definitions: What is a Family?, Essay examples

Impact of Television on Youth for Necessary Evil- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theImpact of Television on Youth for Necessary Evil. Answer: Television necessary evil for the youth: In the present generation, media has a profound impact on different cohorts of population. Most of the impacts are mainly found over children and youth. Previously, printed word in the media through newspaper had been the main source of information as well as entertainment for young people. In the present generation, the printed word of the media has undergone a revolution. Media is no more restricted to prints and now has expanded to air, television as well as internet (Greenfield, 2014). Television is the most readily available medium of information to each and every household and has been a constant companion for young people not only in Canada but also over the world. The thesis of this persuasive essay is (a) televisions in the present day are impacting the lives of youth both in a positive way and in negative way, (b) numerable factors are making them exposed to the television and also (c) the recommendations which can be provided to parents and guardians to prevent the young i ndividuals of the family to get affected in a negative way. Statistical data suggest that an average Canadian adolescent watches television for more than 14 hours of the day. Television can be termed as necessary evil for such young souls. This is said so because, television can act as a powerful teacher. The important channels like Discovery, National Geographic, the tutorial classes for handicrafts, the classes conducted on teaching yoga and exercises and many others can provide them with good amount of knowledge. They can gather information and news from all over the world through the news channel and keep themselves updated (Van Der Chaul et al., 2015). However, it has many negative impacts as well. Many teenagers remain hooked for a long period of time which affects their academic career and earn them poor marks. A deleterious effect of television is not only poor academic performance but it also makes them prone to develop various kinds of mental and physical disorder. They harm their eyes due to long period of watching televisions for which their vision is affected. They suffer from head ache and back ache which further reduces their strength to complete their homework. Another issue that has been noted is the negative impact that the entertainment industry has on the young individuals. Many of the adolescents try to adapt the life, style, dresses, aspects, body features and others of the celebrities. Many of the teenagers even harm themselves while trying to imitate the looks of their celebrities. Besides, being negatively influenced by the entertainment industry, the young people also get affected by the violence shown on television (Frazier, 2017). Researchers are of the opinion that violence shown on television including murders; rapes and others have negative aspects on the minds of the youth. Heavy doses of violence on television increases aggressive behavior particularly in boys. Many other studies have also established link of television publicity of suicides to an increased suicide risk among young people watching the television (Sonneville et al., 2015). Watching television also takes out a lot of their time and prevents them from getting engaged in different co curricular activities, interesting co-curricular workshops and others. They also do not participate in community sports. Failure of them to undertake outdoor co-curricular activities due to longer times spent in front of television makes them physically unfit. Moreover, the advertisement provided by different companies about fatty foods like chips, cold drinks, calorie containing fast food, chocolates and others make them more prone to buy them (Fergusan et al., 2014). All these lead to ill health of the young people making them suffer from obesity and overweight issues. As they grow older, they get affected with other disorders as the result obesity, which destroys quality lives of such young people. Other researchers are of the opinion that television exposes young people to different adult sexual behaviors by exhibiting such activities look like normal behaviors. It seems to them that such activities are casual and risk free and can be performed at any ages and without any inhibitions (Ross er al., 2015). The sexual contents seen between unmarried couple are 24 times found to be higher than married couple on television giving improper information to the young individuals of the society. Therefore numerous studies have shown that adolescents susceptibility to the medias influence can alter the sexual attitudes, values and beliefs of the youth. Another issue also noticed is the use of alcohol and smoking shown and promoted on the national television. This affects the behaviors of the young people making them adopt it first as a style statement and then getting addicted to it (Fergusan et al., 2015). In order to control the negative impacts on the young people, parents have to take upon a major responsibility to monitor the television watching habits of young people. They should try to counsel their wards stating the negative effects that television might have on their health. They should also encourage them to follow disciplined schedule throughout the day. The parents should try to encourage their children to participate in sports activities and other co-curricular activities in community workshops. The colleges and schools should also encourage them by making them develop knowledge about how to lead healthy lifestyles by regular physical activities. Moreover, the national broadcasting systems should take an initiative to control advertisements which promote eating of junk food, infuse violence and aggression and others (Laurson et al., 2015). From the entire discussion, it becomes quite clear that television has both positive and negative impacts on people. The positive impacts include developing knowledge on different elements in the world, flora and fauna all over the world, healthy living, tutoring classes, cookery shows and many others. They also help to know different incident occurring all over the world through news, making youths updated. However, they also have negative impacts. Youths gets involve in violence, aggression, improper sexual habits, develop obesity, and also vision impairment, addiction and others. All these sufferings would continue to adulthood as well if not checked on time. Therefore, it becomes important for parents, government and national broadcasting systems to take initiatives that would control these attributes of youth watching television for long time and gift them proper disciplined lives. References: Ferguson, C. J. (2015). Clinicians attitudes toward video games vary as a function of age, gender and negative beliefs about youth: A sociology of media research approach.Computers in Human Behavior,52, 379-386. Ferguson, C. J., Muoz, M. E., Garza, A., Galindo, M. (2014). Concurrent and prospective analyses of peer, television and social media influences on body dissatisfaction, eating disorder symptoms and life satisfaction in adolescent girls.Journal of youth and adolescence,43(1), 1-14. Frazier, B. (2017).The Impact of TV Violence on Children and Adolescents.Thesuccessfulparent.com. Retrieved 20 November 2017, from https://www.thesuccessfulparent.com/categories/children-and-media/item/the-impact-of-tv-violence-on-children-and-adolescents#.WhK709KWbIU Greenfield, P. M. (2014).Mind and media: The effects of television, video games, and computers. Psychology Press. Laurson, K. R., Lee, J. A., Eisenmann, J. C. (2015). The cumulative impact of physical activity, sleep duration, and television time on adolescent obesity: 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Survey.Journal of Physical Activity and Health,12(3), 355-360. Ross, C. S., Maple, E., Siegel, M., DeJong, W., Naimi, T. S., Padon, A. A., ... Jernigan, D. H. (2015). The relationship between population-level exposure to alcohol advertising on television and brand-specific consumption among underage youth in the US.Alcohol and Alcoholism,50(3), 358-364. Sonneville, K. R., Long, M. W., Ward, Z. J., Resch, S. C., Wang, Y. C., Pomeranz, J. L., ... Gortmaker, S. L. (2015). BMI and healthcare cost impact of eliminating tax subsidy for advertising unhealthy food to youth.American journal of preventive medicine,49(1), 124-134. Van Der Schuur, W. A., Baumgartner, S. E., Sumter, S. R., Valkenburg, P. M. (2015). The consequences of media multitasking for youth: A review.Computers in Human Behavior,53, 204-215.